Glaucoma is an optic neuropathy causing damage to the retinal ganglion cells of the eye, leading to constriction and eventual loss of vision. Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, affecting more than 65 million people. In the United States alone, an estimated 3 million people suffer from the disease, while over 100,000 new cases are diagnosed each year. While the exact cause of optic nerve damage in glaucoma is unknown, significant associations have been documented between vision loss and IOP. However, fully one-third of patients diagnosed with glaucoma experience progressive optic nerve damage and vision loss at normal levels of IOP, and so while high pressure is the most convincing risk factor for the disease, it is not the entire explanation for it. All currently marketed drug therapies for glaucoma are topical products for the eye designed to reduce IOP either by inhibiting the production of fluid in the eye or by increasing its drainage. No marketed therapies have been approved that directly address the damage to the retinal ganglion cells of the optic nerve or more proximal cells within the central nervous system. A true medical need exists for treatment that recognizes glaucoma to be an optic neuropathy requiring combination therapies which include those directed at protecting neural cells. Pharmaceutical treatments for glaucoma are currently a $3.2 billion global market.